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Serre's criterion : ウィキペディア英語版
Serre's criterion for normality
In algebra, Serre's criterion for normality, introduced by Jean-Pierre Serre, gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a commutative Noetherian ring ''A'' to be a normal ring. The criterion involves the following two conditions for ''A'':
*R_k: A_ of height ≤ ''k''.
*S_k: \operatorname A_(\mathfrak) \} for any prime ideal \mathfrak.
The statement is:
*''A'' is a reduced ring \Leftrightarrow R_0, S_1 hold.
*''A'' is a normal ring \Leftrightarrow R_1, S_2 hold.
*''A'' is a Cohen–Macaulay ring \Leftrightarrow S_k hold for all ''k''.
Items 1, 3 trivially follow from the definitions. Item 2 is much deeper.
For an integral domain, the criterion is due to Krull. The general case is due to Serre.
== Proof ==


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